Application: Priority Queue

The most direct and common use of a heap is to implement a Priority Queue abstract data type.

• In Operating Systems, a CPU scheduler uses a priority queue to decide which process to run next. System-critical tasks get higher priority and are processed before background jobs, ensuring responsiveness.
• In Network Routers, priority queues manage data packets. Real-time packets, like video calls, are prioritized over bulk transfers, like file downloads, to guarantee quality of service.